2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

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Bcl-2 is a family of evolutionarily related proteins. These proteins govern mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and can be either pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bad, Bak and Bok among others) or anti-apoptotic (including Bcl-2 proper, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w, among an assortment of others). There are a total of 25 genes in the Bcl-2 family known to date. Human genes encoding proteins that belong to this family include: Bak1, Bax, Bal-2, Bok, Mcl-1.

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Specific Products:

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-15531R
    Venetoclax (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Venetoclax (Standard) is the analytical standard of Venetoclax. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Venetoclax (ABT-199; GDC-0199) is a highly potent, selective and orally bioavailable Bcl-2 inhibitor with a Ki of less than 0.01 nM. Venetoclax induces autophagy.
    Venetoclax (Standard)
  • HY-105930
    Lobaplatin
    		Modulator 98.0%
    Lobaplatin (D-19466) is a diastereometric mixture of platinum(II) complexe. Lobaplatin arrests cell cycle at G1 and G2/M phase. Lobaplatin induces apoptosis by increasing expressions of caspase and Bax, decreasing expression of Bcl-2. Lobaplatin can be used for research of cancer.
    Lobaplatin
  • HY-N1440
    Koumine
    		Activator 99.97%
    Koumine is an alkaloid separated from Gelsemium elegans, shows potent anti-tumor activity. Koumine up-regulates the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 expression in human breast cancer cells. Koumine has anxiolytic, antistress, antipsoriatic, and analgesic activities, protects against the development of arthritis in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) animal models.
    Koumine
  • HY-N12060
    Ginkgo biloba extract
    Ginkgo biloba extract is a natural product that can be isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves. Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis (Apoptosis) by stabilizing mitochondrial function, regulating Bcl-2 family proteins and inhibiting caspase activation. Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates testicular injury by upregulating SKP2 and inhibiting Beclin1-independent autophagy (Autophagy). Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates various types of neuronal damage in animal models. Ginkgo biloba extract reduces behavioral sensitization in rats. Ginkgo biloba extract counteracts Aβ-induced neurotoxicity by blocking a series of Aβ-triggered events, including glucose uptake, ROS accumulation, AKT activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, JNK and ERK 1/2 pathways, and apoptosis, and also interferes with the formation of Aβ oligomers. Ginkgo biloba extract is applicable to research related to cerebral hypoperfusion, testicular injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multi-infarct dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
    Ginkgo biloba extract
  • HY-44432
    Navitoclax-piperazine
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    Navitoclax-piperazine (ABT-263-piperazine) is a Navitoclax (HY-10087) analog and BCL-XL inhibitor. Navitoclax-piperazine is the ligand for target protein of PROTAC DT2216 (HY-130604). Navitodax-pperaie and E3 ubiquitin ligase VHL ligand can be used to synthesize PROTAC DT2216 (HY-130604).
    Navitoclax-piperazine
  • HY-125877
    PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1
    		Inhibitor 98.13%
    PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1 (compound C3), a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) based on Cereblon ligand, is a potently and selectively Mcl-1 (Bcl-2 family member) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.78 μM. PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1 inhibits Bcl-2 with an IC50 of 0.54 μM.
    PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1
  • HY-N2014
    Verbenalin
    		99.93%
    Verbenalin is an orally active terpenoid glycoside that can be extracted from the medicinal plant Verbena officinalis. Verbenalin has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and neuroprotective effects. Verbenalin has a strong binding affinity to the nsp-12 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Verbenalin can be used in the research of inflammatory and nervous system diseases such as hepatitis and Alzheimer's disease.
    Verbenalin
  • HY-126437
    Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000)
    		Inhibitor
    Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) is a water-soluble synthetic polypeptide. Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) downregulates Bcl-2 and upregulates Bax and p53 proteins. Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) promotes Apoptosis and reduces VEGF expression. Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) shows anticancer activity against a variety of tumors. Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) can also be used as a coating material.
    Poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000)
  • HY-B0842
    Thiophanate-Methyl
    		Activator 99.86%
    Thiophanate-Methyl is a pesticide residue and fungicide. Thiophanate-Methyl induces hepatotoxicity via caspase-3-mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress, thereby causing metabolic imbalance in the liver of zebrafish. Thiophanate-Methyl impairs the rhizobacteria-mediated defense response of cucumber against fusarium wilt.
    Thiophanate-Methyl
  • HY-107202GL
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (GMP Like)
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) (GMP Like) is the GMP Like class Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (HY-107202), and can be used as pharmaceutical excipients. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (GMP Like)
  • HY-146185
    CCT373566
    		Inhibitor 99.61%
    CCT373566 is a potent and orally active molecular glue degrader of transcriptional repressor BCL6, with an IC50 of 2.2 nM. CCT373566 shows strong antiproliferative efficacy in vitro and reduction in tumor growth in vivo.
    CCT373566
  • HY-101259
    BMS-195614
    		99.5%
    BMS-195614 (BMS 614) is an orally active neutral RARα-selective antagonist with a Ki of 2.5 nM. BMS-195614 restores the expression of Bcl2. BMS-195614 inhibits the transactivation of NF-κB, AP-1 and PPAR. BMS-195614 downregulates the expression of IL-6 and VEGF. BMS-195614 reduces blue light-induced phototoxicity and inhibits cell migration. BMS-195614 modulates inflammation and angiogenesis.
    BMS-195614
  • HY-101565
    Tapotoclax
    		Inhibitor 99.53%
    Tapotoclax (AMG-176) is a potent, selective and orally active MCL-1 inhibitor, with a Ki of 0.13 nM.
    Tapotoclax
  • HY-30063
    2-Tetralone
    		99.85%
    2-Tetralone (Beta-Tetralone) is a pro-apoptosis agent. 2-Tetralone targets MDM2 E3 ubiquitin kinase and Bcl-w anti-apoptotic protein and exhibits anticancer activity.
    2-Tetralone
  • HY-13108
    Bz 423
    		Activator 99.72%
    Bz 423 is a pro-apoptotic 1,4-benzodiazepine with therapeutic properties in murine models of lupus demonstrating selectivity for autoreactive lymphocytes, and activates Bax and Bak.
    Bz 423
  • HY-W082785A
    L6H21
    		Modulator 99.19%
    L6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low KD value of 33.3 μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research.
    L6H21
  • HY-N1939
    Icariside I
    		99.30%
    Icariside I (GH01) is an orally active metabolite of icalin. Icariside I improves estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by simultaneously regulating osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Icariside I promotes ATP (HY-B2176) or Nigericin (HY-127019)-induced mtROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and causes idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. Icariside I does not alter the activation of NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes. Icariside I inhibits breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis by targeting the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Icariside I is a kynurenine-AhR pathway inhibitor that alleviates cancer by blocking tumor immune escape.
    Icariside I
  • HY-129478
    TC11
    		Inhibitor 99.55%
    TC11 is a MCL1 degrader and Caspase-9 and CDK1 activator. TC11 functions as a phenylacetylamide derivative and is structurally related to immunomodulatory active molecules. TC11 induces degradation of MCL1 leading to apoptotic death during prolonged mitotic arrest.
    TC11
  • HY-N1423R
    Glycocholic acid (Standard)
    		Modulator
    Glycocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glycocholic acid (HY-N1423). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glycocholic acid is a bile acid with anticancer activity, targeting against pump resistance-related and non-pump resistance-related pathways.
    Glycocholic acid (Standard)
  • HY-P99119
    Anti-Mouse 4-1BB/CD137 Antibody (3H3)
    		Activator
    Anti-Mouse 4-1BB/CD137 Antibody (3H3) is an anti-mouse 4-1BB/CD137 IgG2a monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse 4-1BB/CD137 Antibody (3H3) can effectively activate memory T cells and inhibit tumors by increasing Bcl-xL and granzyme B levels. Anti-Mouse 4-1BB/CD137 Antibody (3H3) can be used for research on cancer such as lymphoma and colon cancer.
    Anti-Mouse 4-1BB/CD137 Antibody (3H3)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
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Download Bcl-2 Family Signaling Pathway Map.

Bcl-2 family members have been grouped into three classes. The anti-apoptotic subfamily contains the Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, Bfl1/A-1, and Bcl-B proteins, which suppress apoptosis and contain all four Bcl-2 homology domains, designated BH1-4. The pro-apoptotic subfamily contain BH1-3 domains, such as Bax, Bak, and Bok. A third class of BH3 only proteins Bad, Bid, Bim, Noxa and Puma have a conserved BH3 domain that can bind and regulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins to promote apoptosis [1].


The intrinsic pathway is initiated by various signals, principally extracellular stimuli. BH3-only proteins (Bim, Bid, Bad, Noxa, Puma) engage with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins to relieve their inhibition of Bax and Bak to activate them. Next, Bax and Bak are oligomerized and activated, leading to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Once mitochondrial membranes are permeabilized, cytochrome c and/or Smac/DIABLO is released into the cytoplasm, wherein they combine with an adaptor molecule, Apaf-1, and an inactive initiator Caspase, Pro-caspase 9, within a multiprotein complex called the apoptosome. Smac/DIABLO inhibits IAPs to activate Caspase 9. Caspase 9 activates Caspase 3, which is the initiation step for the cascade of Caspase activation. The extrinsic pathway can be activated by cell surface receptors, such as Fas and TNF Receptor, subsequently activating Caspase 8, and leads to Caspase 3 activation and cell demolition. Caspases in turn cleave a series of substrates, activate DNases and orchestrate the demolition of the cell. Bcl-2 family proteins are also found on the endoplasmic reticulum and the perinuclear membrane in hematopoietic cells, but they are predominantly localized to mitochondria [2]. 

 

Reference:
[1]. Cotter TG, et al. Apoptosis and cancer: the genesis of a research field. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Jul;9(7):501-7.

[2]. Kang MH, et al. Bcl-2 inhibitors: targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 15;15(4):1126-32.

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Comparison

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